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Estonia is the industrially-agrarian country. For today the national economy is based on transit, service of financial streams and tourism. The most important mineral resource of Estonia — are combustible slates. Estonia has the largest deposits of combustible slates and the phosphorites in Europe, rich wood resources and greater stocks of building materials. Stocks of oil are essential. Extraction of amber is conducted. Slates industry of republic makes the fuel gas going on export and used inside of the country as raw material for power stations. The chemical industry working on production of slates industry, makes benzene, tanning substances, pitches, toaldehydes, washing-up liquids. Estonia makes machines, metal rolling, building materials. The light industry, especially manufacture of cotton fabrics, products from a wool, silks, flax is developed. The industrial enterprises in the country are concentrated in the largest cities. So, in Tallinn the mechanical engineering, metal working and instrument making prevail, the light industry is developed. In Narva there is a large cotton combine, in Cillamae — a factory on manufacture of rare metals. In cities Kohtla-Jarve, Cillamae and Narva the basic fuel and energy complexes are concentrated. The small enterprises of food and wood industries are in regular intervals distributed on all country. Wood branch is the important part of economy of Estonia, despite of the excessive preparation of a wood menacing to the existence of branch. Restoration of large forests has begun, but now a part of needs for wood is satisfied due to import. Pulp-and-paper production, furniture, building materials is issued by branch. In an agriculture the animal industries (meat-diary cattle breeding and bacon pig growing) is developed mainly. Plant growing specializes on cultivation of a potato, grain crops (barley, a rye, wheat) and forage crops, vegetables, berries. In Estonia the all-the-year-round sea message is developed. Six basic ports are in Tallinn. The regular ferry communication from Helsinki and Stockholm operates. The merchant marine fleet of Estonia totals 44 vessels. The international air communication is developed. Through the airport of Tallinn flights in many European capitals and cities CIS are carried out. Estonia exports machines and the equipment, pulp-and-paper production and a wood, textiles, the foodstuffs, iron and steel, chemicals. The country imports the equipment and machines, the foodstuffs, chemicals, metal rolling, textiles. The basic trading partners are Sweden, Finland, Russia, Latvia, Germany, the USA. |
